ACI 313-97: Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Concrete Silos & Stacking Tubes for Storing Granular Materials

This ACI standard practice gives material, design, and construction requirements for concrete silos, stave silos, and stacking tubes for storing granular materials. It includes design and construction recommendations for cast-in-place or precast and conventionally reinforced or post-tensioned silos. Silos and stacking tubes are special structures, posing special problems not encountered in normal building design. While this standard refers to “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318)” for many requirements, it puts forth special requirements for the unique cases of static and dynamic loading from funnel flow, mass flow, concentric flow, and asymmetric flow in silos, and the special loadings on stacking tubes. The standard includes requirements for seismic design and hopper bottom design.
The Commentary presents some of the considerations and assumptions of ACI Committee 313 in developing the provisions of the Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Concrete Silos and Stacking Tubes for Storing Granular Materials. It also provides suggested methods for calculating crack width and through-the-wall temperature gradient due to hot stored materials.
Comments on specific provisions of the Standard practice are made using the corresponding chapter and section numbers of the Standard practice. A list of selected references is given at the end of the Commentary. Notations, not defined herein, are defined in Appendix A of the Standard.